1. Python:
Python has weaknesses and strengths like every other language, so it has its fans and its critics too. Still, almost everyone recommends learning it as a simple and fast language, and especially so for people who are just entering the world of hacking and security and do not have much experience or skill yet. They need a language that is simple but powerful, one that lets them turn their own ideas into working code sooner and with less friction.
2. PHP:
PHP is the most widely used language at the level of the web and of websites, and that reach is exactly why web-side hackers are interested in it: it helps them understand websites better.
3. SQL:
SQL is a query language that lets a programming language talk to a database. Its importance shows up most clearly in attacks such as SQL injection.
4. Ruby:
Ruby is a high-level language. That is what makes it comfortable and very, very easy, and that simplicity is why a lot of security specialists like it and want to learn it.
Ruby is used across different areas of penetration testing, web and network among them. The same simplicity has led people to write many exploits and tools in it, including the powerful and popular Metasploit framework, which many use for everything from wireless networks to the web. Ruby is common among specialists and among the people who write exploits.
5. JavaScript:
Some people think JavaScript belongs to the Java family because Java is the first word of its name. That idea is wrong: JavaScript is completely different from Java and independent of it. The language is used heavily on the back end and on the front end of websites alike, which is why it carries so much weight for hackers.
XSS vulnerability analysis course with JavaScript
6. C++:
If you are looking for a language for penetration testing on operating systems, do not forget to learn C++. It is in a sense an update to C that adds capabilities to it, and it suits working at the operating-system level, on Windows in particular.
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Omid Bodagh
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